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1. Central air conditioning flow billing
Central air conditioning flow billing is based on the actual cooling (or heating) consumption of users or areas, measured based on parameters such as water flow and temperature difference. Basic principle: Billing is based on three parameters: flow rate, temperature difference, and specific heat capacity. The formula for calculating cooling or heating capacity is assumed to be source $q=v × ρ × cp × Δ t $, where $q $is cooling or heating capacity, $v $is flow rate, $ρ $is water density, $cp $is water specific heat capacity, and $Δ t $is the temperature difference between supply and return water. Billing process: Firstly, install flow meters (such as sight hole electromagnetic, ultrasonic, turbine flow meters) and temperature sensors (installed separately in the cold water and return water pipelines); Then, real-time flow and temperature data are collected through them and transmitted to the central data processing unit; Then calculate the cooling or heating capacity according to the formula; Finally, based on the preset unit price, billing can be done through methods such as billing based on traffic or cooling capacity. Common method: Household billing is applicable to large-scale commercial buildings or residential areas, and is charged independently based on the actual consumption of cooling or heating by users; Centralized billing is applicable to centralized cooling systems without individual households, calculated and cost shared based on total cooling capacity or heat consumption; The "basic fee+usage fee" model is commonly used in office buildings, where the basic fee is charged based on equipment capacity, and the usage fee is charged based on actual consumption
2. How is central air conditioning in office buildings billed?
The core logic of central air conditioning billing in office buildings is the combination of allocation and measurement, generally including three mainstream methods: area sharing, independent electricity meters, and cooling capacity measurement.. 1. The lowest cost billing method is to evenly distribute the office area. The air conditioning cost for the entire floor is calculated as (total electricity cost+maintenance cost) multiplied by the sharing coefficient, and tenants pay according to the proportion of the leased area. Commonly seen in ordinary office buildings, but there is an unfair phenomenon of large units having multiple stalls and small units having fewer stalls instead of more. 2. Independent electricity meter billing is applicable to Grade A office buildings with independent glass curtain walls, where each unit is equipped with a dedicated air conditioning meter. Cost=Air conditioning host basic fee+actual electricity consumption x electricity price, energy consumption can be queried in real-time through the mobile app. According to data from an international financial center, this method can reduce ineffective energy consumption by 25% -30%. 3. Cooling flow billing (a mainstream new trend) installs flow meters at each air outlet of the central air conditioning pipeline to accurately calcula